Party Organization and Its Necessity for Revolutionary Transformation in Our Beloved Country, Afghanistan Published: 2026-10-09 Author / editor: Farooq Ahmadi Party Organization and Its Necessity for Revolutionary Transformation in Our Beloved Country, Afghanistan Introduction: From the Fragmentation of Forces to Conscious Organization Afghanistan today stands at one of the most difficult stages in its contemporary history. Widespread poverty, unemployment, deprivation of education, social inequality, economic dependency, forced migration, the suppression of civil and political freedoms, and the systematic exclusion of women from their fundamental rights have confronted millions of people with profound hardships. Under these conditions, the fundamental question is not whether Afghan society needs transformation; the essential question is how this transformation can be achieved, through which social forces, on the basis of what political consciousness, and through what form of conscious organization. The historical experience of social movements demonstrates that discontent alone does not bring about a revolution. Social anger, although capable of driving protest, may remain fragmented without an understanding of the roots of oppression, clearly defined objectives, the organization of forces, and a realistic programme. It may even be channelled into directions that reproduce the very oppressive relations it seeks to overcome. For this reason, party organization is of decisive importance to forces seeking fundamental changes in social, economic, and political relations. A political party equipped with a clear worldview, a carefully considered programme, a responsible structure, and firm links with the people can establish connections between consciousness and action, between fragmented demands and common objectives, and between temporary protests and sustained struggle. For Afghanistan’s progressive and revolutionary forces, understanding the necessity of party organization is not a merely formal discussion. It is an integral part of understanding the objective conditions of society and the historical responsibility towards its future. 1. What Is Party Organization, and Why Is It Necessary? Party organization is not merely a group of like-minded individuals, a political name, an emblem, a social media page, or a gathering of activists. Political organization means the conscious organization of people who, on the basis of shared principles, objectives, and a common programme, work to achieve specific social and political changes. A political party becomes a genuine organization when it possesses a clear worldview and programme, a defined constitution and principles, an allocation of responsibilities, mechanisms of accountability, a system of political education, decision-making procedures, and methods for evaluating its activities. Such a party must be capable of reviewing its experience, learning from its mistakes, educating new cadres, and accepting responsibility towards both society and its own members. The necessity of organization arises from a fundamental reality: structural problems in society cannot be resolved through individual efforts and scattered activities alone. When poverty, unemployment, and inequality are shaped by economic structures and power relations, sustained efforts to confront them also require structural analysis, social cooperation, and purposeful organization. An informed individual can express a truth; a conscious and responsible organization, however, can transform that truth into a subject of public discussion, a political programme, collective education, and coordinated activity. An individual may kindle a spark, but sustaining its light requires a force capable of protecting it, spreading it, and carrying it forward through difficulties. Nevertheless, organization by itself does not guarantee progress. An organization that becomes detached from the people, closes itself to criticism, embraces a cult of personality, or places its institutional interests above those of society may become an obstacle to transformation rather than a force for liberation. Therefore, the issue is not merely to establish an organization; the real task is to build an informed, accountable, people-oriented, disciplined organization capable of correcting its own course. 2. From Class Consciousness to Political Organization In Marxist thought, an understanding of society remains incomplete without examining the material conditions of life, the mode of production, the distribution of wealth, and relations between social classes. Marx and Engels demonstrated that social contradictions must be examined within their historical context and through actual social relations, rather than merely through slogans, individual intentions, or moral judgments. From this perspective, poverty cannot always be attributed to individual laziness; unemployment cannot be explained simply by telling people to work harder; and inequality cannot be eliminated merely by appealing to kindness. Understanding these phenomena also requires examining the economic structure, ownership and distribution of resources, power relations, educational opportunities, and conditions of employment. Class consciousness develops when people understand their social and economic position in relation to the broader structure of society, recognize the common roots of many of their problems, and realize that sustained improvements in their conditions require cooperation and collective action. However, class consciousness must not be reduced to memorizing a handful of theoretical terms or repeating the names of historical figures. Genuine consciousness means being able to analyse objective conditions, identify the principal contradictions, understand social forces, assess possibilities and limitations, and determine effective and responsible ways of pursuing change. Party organization can provide a foundation for developing such consciousness through the study of theoretical works, open discussion, examination of real social problems, political education, analysis of historical experiences, and the translation of theoretical understanding into considered programmes and action. Theory and practice are inseparable in this process. Theory disconnected from reality may become a collection of abstract concepts, while action without theoretical understanding may fall into the traps of haste, repeated mistakes, and poorly considered decisions. The task of political organization is to establish a living connection between these two spheres. 3. Lenin’s Lessons on Political Organization In his writings, particularly those concerning the revolutionary party, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin emphasized the role of political organization, cadre development, and the necessity of connecting political struggle with theoretical understanding. In his perspective, sustained social struggle aimed at long-term objectives requires an organization capable of consolidating experience, expanding political consciousness, and coordinating the activities of forces pursuing common goals. However, drawing lessons from Lenin’s experience requires a critical examination of the historical and social conditions of his time. No organizational model can be transferred mechanically from one society to another without considering the specific circumstances. Contemporary Afghanistan differs significantly from early twentieth-century Russia in its economic structure, social composition, ethnic and linguistic relations, cultural conditions, the position of women, and political restrictions. The task of Afghanistan’s Marxist-Leninist forces is therefore not to imitate the past mechanically, but to understand theoretical principles, examine historical experiences, and apply them creatively to the realities of the country. A revolutionary organization must possess coherence, accountability, and the capacity for collective action while also allowing theoretical debate, constructive criticism, the examination of mistakes, and the revision of decisions. Organizational discipline is valuable when it supports the responsible implementation of collective decisions and advances common objectives—not when it becomes a means of suppressing independent thought or preventing reasoned disagreement. A party that fears criticism will sooner or later lose its ability to understand reality. A party that conceals its mistakes forfeits opportunities for self-correction. A party that confines its members to repeating slogans instead of developing their political understanding produces dependent followers rather than informed and resourceful cadres. Revolutionary organization must therefore be accompanied by critical thinking, continuous education, and collective responsibility. 4. Why Does Afghanistan Need Conscious and Responsible Political Organization? Afghanistan’s circumstances underscore the necessity of political organization, while also presenting serious obstacles to its development. First, the country’s economic structure is marked by poverty, unemployment, dependency, and limited productive opportunities. Large sections of the population struggle to meet their basic needs, while many young people seek their future through migration. This situation requires scientific economic analysis, examination of the relations of production and wealth distribution, and programmes rooted in the actual demands of working people. Second, political and civil restrictions have sharply reduced the opportunities for free activity, political participation, and the development of independent institutions. Under such conditions, political forces must place fundamental human rights, freedom of thought, the right to organize, and the conscious participation of the people at the centre of their programmes. Third, the exclusion of women and girls from education, employment, and social and political participation restricts a substantial part of society’s human potential. No programme for Afghanistan’s progress can relegate this issue to a secondary concern. Women’s freedom and equality are inseparable from any serious project of social emancipation. Fourth, Afghanistan’s linguistic, ethnic, cultural, and social diversity requires political forces to operate with a profound understanding of this diversity. Poverty, deprivation, and injustice must never be used as pretexts for fuelling ethnic or linguistic hostility. A progressive organization must defend the equal rights of citizens, the voluntary solidarity of the people, and common struggle against oppressive relations. Fifth, the painful experiences of Afghanistan’s contemporary history demonstrate that declared intentions alone are insufficient to build a just society. Every political movement must establish a clear relationship between its stated objectives and its practical methods, and it must accept responsibility for the consequences of its decisions. A critical examination of the past is not a rejection of emancipatory ideals; it is a necessary condition for preventing the repetition of past mistakes. In this context, party organization can play a constructive role only when it replaces mechanical imitation with a precise understanding of society, earns public trust through responsible conduct, and connects ambitious ideals with people’s everyday needs. 5. The Party and the People: A Relationship That Must Be Built in Practice One of the serious mistakes in political activity is for a party to assume that its revolutionary name or radical programme automatically makes it the representative of the entire population. Political representation cannot be established through claims alone. It requires an understanding of society’s needs, responsible engagement with the people, listening to their voices, and accountability for their concerns. A revolutionary party must learn from the people while working to expand social and political consciousness. This relationship is not one-sided. The people are not merely an audience for speeches and statements issued by an organization. They possess experience, practical knowledge, and social capacities, and they must be able to participate in shaping demands, programmes, and political direction. If a party becomes detached from the real lives of workers, peasants, teachers, employees, women, young people, unemployed people, and other social groups, its analysis may become an incomplete picture of society. If it issues instructions instead of listening, its relationship with the people will weaken. If it avoids public criticism, it will gradually lose its ability to recognize its own mistakes. The party’s relationship with the people must therefore be based on mutual trust, honesty, respect, dialogue, and conscious participation. The party must be able to explain which problems it seeks to address, what solutions it proposes, what resources and limitations those solutions involve, and how the results of its activities can be assessed. The objective is not to replace the will of society with the will of an organization. The objective is to help develop a conscious and organized social force capable of shaping its own future. 6. How Should a Revolutionary Organization Be Built? Establishing a sustainable political organization requires more than passionate slogans. It demands planning, education, the allocation of responsibilities, regular evaluation, and the development of intellectual and practical capacities. First: A clear worldview and programme. Party members must understand the organization’s objectives, its analysis of society, the social forces it examines, and the changes it seeks to achieve. Its programme must be clear, open to discussion, and appropriate to the country’s actual conditions. Second: Political and theoretical education. Studying the works of Marx, Engels, Lenin, and other thinkers, examining Afghanistan’s history, understanding political economy, and learning from the experiences of labour and liberation movements around the world must form an important part of organizational activity. Study should not be reduced to memorizing quotations; its purpose must be to strengthen analytical ability and critical judgment. Third: Discipline combined with accountability. An organization requires coordination and commitment to collective decisions. Yet discipline without accountability can become blind obedience. The responsibilities of every member and office-holder must be clearly defined, and decisions should, as far as possible, follow transparent and assessable procedures. Fourth: Combating individualism and the cult of personality. No individual should stand above the organization’s principles, objectives, and collective responsibilities. Respect for experience and individual ability is essential, but so are a culture of questioning and criticism and opportunities for the rotation of responsibilities. Fifth: Engagement with the real problems of society. An organization must move beyond discussions confined to its own internal affairs and address the issues that shape people’s lives: education, employment, healthcare, poverty, women’s rights, civil liberties, the environment, social justice, and Afghanistan’s economic future. Sixth: Transparency and opposition to corruption. A party that advocates a just society must also uphold transparency, integrity, and accountability within its own ranks. The gap between slogans and conduct destroys the trust of both members and the public. Seventh: Developing capable cadres. An organization dependent on a handful of prominent figures will remain vulnerable to disagreements, the absence of individuals, and internal crises. Developing new members, transferring experience, and creating opportunities for intellectual and practical growth are essential to organizational continuity and resilience. Eighth: Critical evaluation and continuous correction. Every activity must be assessed against its objectives, resources, and results. Mistakes should become an opportunity for collective learning rather than a means of internal retaliation. The ability to correct one’s course is not a weakness; it is a sign of political maturity. These principles become meaningful only when they move beyond documents and slogans and are reflected in members’ daily conduct and the organization’s methods of governance. 7. Young People: A Conscious Force for Social Transformation Afghanistan’s young people face enormous difficulties: unemployment, limited educational opportunities, economic insecurity, migration, and an uncertain future. At the same time, they can play an important role in expanding knowledge, connecting different social experiences, challenging unjust relations, and advancing positive change. However, youth alone does not guarantee revolutionary consciousness. The energy and enthusiasm of young people become an effective social force when connected with knowledge, learning from experience, responsibility, critical thinking, and an understanding of reality. A party organization must create conditions for the intellectual and political development of young people. It must give them opportunities to ask questions, study, debate, participate in decision-making, and assume responsibility. Young people should not merely serve as the implementing force for programmes decided by others; they must be able to become conscious, creative, and responsible participants in shaping the future of both the organization and society. Intergenerational cooperation is also important. The experience of previous generations, when accompanied by historical criticism and responsible transmission, can be a valuable resource. Experience without critical examination, however, may lead to the repetition of outdated patterns. The younger generation, by learning from history and remaining open-minded towards new realities, can help open new horizons. 8. Organization for Women’s Emancipation and Social Justice No discussion of revolutionary transformation in Afghanistan can be complete without addressing the position of women. Depriving women and girls of education, employment, and social and political participation is not merely an issue affecting one social group; it restricts the human potential, independence, and future of society as a whole. An organization that claims to stand for social justice must firmly defend the legal and social equality of women and men and reflect this principle in its own structure and practice. Women’s participation must not be reduced to symbolic representation or narrowly defined organizational roles. Women must have genuine opportunities for education, decision-making, leadership, and participation in determining political direction. Social justice also requires attention to the conditions of workers, peasants, employees, teachers, low-income families, and those deprived of economic and social opportunities. A political organization must be able to connect the specific demands of these groups with a broader vision of structural transformation. Social emancipation cannot be achieved through speeches about equality alone. It requires changes in the actual conditions of life, expanded opportunities, the elimination of discrimination, and the creation of social relations that enable people to develop and use their abilities. 9. Revolutionary Unity: Not Uniformity of Thought, but Conscious Common Purpose Organizational unity is essential to collective activity, but it must not be confused with absolute uniformity of thought. Members of a party may disagree over the analysis of particular issues, the prioritization of programmes, or methods of implementation. Disagreement is not inherently a sign of disintegration; the way disagreement is handled can strengthen or weaken an organization. Lasting unity develops on the basis of shared principles, clear objectives, responsible dialogue, and fair decision-making mechanisms. Reasoned differences must be open to discussion and examination, while collective decisions must be reached through defined procedures. Combating factionalism, personal rivalries, and mutual vilification is also essential to organizational health. Criticism should address ideas, programmes, decisions, and conduct rather than turn into personal humiliation or the attribution of unproven motives. For Afghanistan’s progressive forces, solidarity based on social justice, equal citizenship, and opposition to oppression can create opportunities for cooperation among people with different backgrounds and experiences. Such solidarity will endure only when grounded in mutual respect and clearly articulated objectives. 10. From Organization to Social Transformation: Connecting Ideals with Reality Party organization is not an end in itself. It is a means of organizing thought, cooperation, and political activity towards social objectives. If an organization becomes preoccupied with preserving its name, emblem, positions, or media presence, it will move away from its political mission. A party should be evaluated by the quality of its analysis, its political integrity, its ability to educate members, its relationship with the people, its organizational transparency, and its accountability. Membership numbers and the intensity of slogans alone do not demonstrate political maturity. Sometimes a small organization with a clear programme and the capacity to learn can play an effective role in spreading ideas and fostering social cooperation. A large organization, by contrast, may become incapable of responding to change if it loses touch with reality. Sustainable transformation requires an understanding of social forces, analysis of economic possibilities, awareness of historical conditions, and the conscious participation of the people. No responsible party can present the difficulties facing society as problems that can be solved through simple promises or immediate remedies. A political programme must illuminate the future while explaining the path towards it in light of constraints, resources, and possible consequences. From this perspective, the struggle for social justice is not limited to changing political structures. Education, culture, economic relations, civil rights, gender equality, and the quality of social institutions are also part of this process. Transformation becomes profound when people gain opportunities not only to improve their living conditions but also to develop their capacity for understanding, decision-making, and conscious participation. Conclusion: Conscious Organization, Conscious People, and a Different Future Afghanistan needs a scientific understanding of its realities, the expansion of social consciousness, the defence of fundamental human rights, and responsible avenues for political participation in order to overcome its deep crises. In this process, party organization can play an important role, provided that it becomes an accountable organization with a clear programme, a commitment to education and criticism, and meaningful connections with people’s everyday lives. For Marxist-Leninist forces, this responsibility requires connecting class analysis with an understanding of Afghanistan’s specific conditions. Theory cannot replace the study of reality, nor can sustained and purposeful struggle develop without principles and theoretical understanding. A revolutionary party must be able to expand consciousness, organize forces around common objectives, transform experience into collective knowledge, and have the courage to correct its own mistakes. It must understand that public trust cannot be obtained through claims alone; it is built through honesty, responsible conduct, an understanding of society’s needs, and practical commitment to justice and equality. The historical responsibility of Afghanistan’s progressive forces is to move from intellectual fragmentation towards conscious dialogue, from slogans towards scientific analysis, from individualism towards responsible cooperation, and from vague aspirations towards clear and assessable programmes. Organization becomes a force for transformation when it connects thought with consciousness, consciousness with collective responsibility, and collective responsibility with the conscious participation of the people. A more just future for Afghanistan will not be built through aspirations alone. It requires understanding, organization, solidarity, accountability, and sustained struggle for human rights and dignity. Workers of the world, unite!